I figured it out!
It is precisely because of the configuration for the Feedback tab that the Aspects reports disappeared…
I was following
https://github.com/openedx/xblocks-extra/blob/main/src/feedback/README.rst
which instructs to overwrite
OPEN_EDX_FILTERS_CONFIG
instead of adding to it.
This commit fixed that: do not overwrite OPEN_EDX_FILTERS_CONFIG for feedback, add to it instead · calculquebec/tutor-plugins@62de602 · GitHub
The documentation for the feedback xblock is probably a bit misleading. Since it also does not work for the FeedbackXBlock, I created a separate thread for it.