With the help of a colleague, we figured out the problem.
There is an open issue about Docker Desktop for Linux (Docker Compose with Volumes) are set to root and not a custom user for a specific user. · Issue #81 · docker/desktop-linux · GitHub
So we uninstalled Docker Desktop and installed Docker Engine only. We had to make sure to reset the config and set the context from “Desktop” to “default”.
Now tutor dev launch runs properly (minus warnings about deprecated packages).
Case closed… Thanks for your help @regis !