Yes, you can check version of installed Xblock in Open edX Tutor.
For that, you have to follow this:
# Based on your Tutor installation you can use either local or dev
tutor local/dev exec lms bash
# This will list all installed packages & blocks with their version
pip list
# To list specific package or xlock
pip list | grep <your package/xblock name>
# To find version of your package or xblock
pip show <your package/xblock name>